- Sun Zhonghua;Zhu He;Zou Yize;Cao Shihan;Wang Xingya;He Fuli;Ji Mingshan;Han Yujun;
Sagittaria trifolia L.is a perennial aquatic herb that primarily reproduces clonally and through generative propagation.In recent years,S.trifolia has evolved a drastic resistance to acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides in Northeast China.The phylogeographic patterns of S.trifolia with 31 purified resistance genotypes and five sensitive genotypes using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) atpB–rbcL intergenic spacers were studied.Five haplotypes were characterized,and two of them were widely distributed in 36 genotypes.The dose response to bensulfuron-methyl showed that the GR_(50) ranged from 2.07 g a.i.·hm~(-2) to220.15 g a.i.·hm~(-2).Sequencing of the AHAS gene indicated that 17 genotypes with the Pro197 mutation were distributed in haplotype 1,six genotypes with the Trp574 mutation were distributed in haplotype 3,and 13 genotypes with the wild AHAS gene were distributed in haplotypes 2,4 and 5.In the minimum-spanning network,the ancestral haplotypes 1 and 2 were widely distributed.Two primary clades were separated in the Bayes tree,and the result was consistent with the maximum likelihood tree.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 1-13页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 723K] [下载次数：7 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：7 ] - Zhang Junhua;Hou Lei;Wo Sanchao;Niaz Nihal;Ni Zhe;Yang Mingxiu;
Rice sheath blight is one of the serious rice diseases causing economic losses worldwide.Shenqinmycin,a broad-spectrum microbial metabolite pesticide,inhibits plant pathogens.This study investigated the sensitivity of rice sheath blight pathogen to the biological pesticide by treating 45 strains isolated from three northeastern provinces with varying concentrations of Shenqinmycin.The effects on mycelial growth and sclerotial germination of the rice sheath blight pathogens were measured to determine the resistance levels.The results indicated that all tested strains were sensitive to Shenqinmycin,with EC_(50) values for Rhizoctonia solani ranging from 0.0487 mg·L~(-1) to 0.2348 mg·L~(-1),and a sensitivity baseline of 0.1292 mg·L~(-1).For Rhizoctonias oryzae-sativae,the EC_(50) values ranged from 0.0517 mg·L~(-1) to 0.1697 mg·L~(-1),with a sensitivity baseline of 0.1163 mg·L~(-1).Shenqinmycin had no effect on the sclerotial germination of either pathogen,suggesting its potential as an effective agent for controlling rice sheath blight.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 14-22页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 561K] [下载次数：5 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：1 ] - Liu Zhiming;Zhao Yu;Li Yifei;Wang Jiajiang;Lin Xiuting;Lu Yang;Sui Li;Li Qiyun;Gong Shufang;Zhang Zhengkun;
In order to elucidate the relationship between the pathogen carriage rate in seeds of muskmelon(Cucumis melo L.) and the incidence rate of Fusarium wilt of muskmelon(FWM), as well as to identify potential biological control agents against FWM, this study conducted both pot and field experiments to evaluate the efficacy of Gongzhulingmycin on FWM and its impact on muskmelon yield. The results indicated that the pathogen carriage rates of different species in muskmelon seeds varied significantly, showing a positive correlation with disease incidence during the seedling stage. The results from pot tests indicated that in comparison to the control, disease indices were significantly reduced following treatment with prochloraz and 100 times Gongzhulingmycin at both 7 days and 14 days post-emergence of FWM symptoms. Concurrently, root growth was enhanced. Field experiment outcomes demonstrated that relative to the control, there was a decrease in FWM incidence during the fruit-setting stage, along with an increase in theoretical output per square kilometer for muskmelon. Although the efficacy of Gongzhulingmycin against FWM was lower than that observed for prochloraz, it exhibited significant effects on biomass enhancement and disease resistance. Therefore, it showed promise as a potential biological control agent for managing FWM.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 23-32页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 540K] [下载次数：5 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：0 ] - Dai Jianjun;Li Hang;Wang Jingyi;Liu Zhaoting;Wu Haifeng;
The objective of this incubation study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer and biochar,both individually and in combination,on soil respiration dynamics,key enzyme activities and the concentrations of various organic carbon components in degraded mollisol.This study used a completely randomized factorial design with three application rates of organic fertilizer (M0:0,M1:13.64 g · kg~(-1),M2:27.27 g · kg~(-1)) and biochar (C0:0,C1:1.36 g · kg~(-1),C2:2.73 g · kg~(-1)),resulting in nine treatments with four replicates each.Soil CO_2 flux,organic carbon fractions including the total,active and microbial biomass carbon,and enzyme activities (sucrase,catalase and polyphenol oxidase) were measured over 120 days.Results indicated that the factors and their interactions significantly influenced all measured parameters.Soil respiration peaked at day 15,with M1C2 treatment exhibiting a rate of 10.90-fold higher than the control.The concentrations of the total,active and microbial biomass organic carbon reached maximum values on days 60,30 and 80,respectively.Notably,M2C1 treatment yielded the highest total organic carbon (86.35% increase) and microbial biomass carbon (17.84% increase).Enzyme activities were significantly enhanced,with the highest catalase activity observed for M0C2 treatment (10.14% increase).These results demonstrated that the co-application of organic fertilizer and biochar was a effective strategy for improving soil biological health and promoting carbon sequestration in degraded mollisol.The treatment combining a high rate of organic fertilizer with a low rate of biochar (M2C1) was identified as the most promising amendment strategy for fertility restoration.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 33-44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 1284K] [下载次数：1 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：1 ] - Yu Tao;Li Xu;Liu Xinbo;Huang Yaning;Wang Jiaqi;Yu Qingyue;Liu Rongmei;Li Haitao;
Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues caused by nicotine have become increasingly severe.Traditional methods have proven ineffective in efficiently degrading residual nicotine.To address this issue,scientists both domestically and internationally have turned to biodegradation methods to tackle the environmental and health problems caused by residual nicotine.In this study,an enrichment method was used to screen bacteria with nicotine-degrading capabilities from the soil of tobacco planting sites at the Tobacco Research Institute of Heilongjiang in Bin County,Harbin City.Through phenotypic observations and 16S rDNA identification,a bacterial strain identified as Pseudomonas hunanensis MGJ–2 was isolated,capable of utilizing nicotine as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth.High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that within 25 h,strain MGJ–2 could degrade nicotine 500 mg · L~(-1) with an efficiency exceeding 99.9%.Strain MGJ–2 was applied to tobacco,and after 15 days of incubation and fermentation,it degraded 10.57% of nicotine in tobacco.Overall,the discovery of strain MGJ–2 enriched the resources of nicotine-degrading strains.Its remarkable biodegradation performance held immense potential for future biodegradation of nicotine in tobacco.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 45-53页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 590K] [下载次数：2 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：1 ] - Zhou Lu;Nie Chenyi;Zhou Jiaxin;Li Kuo;Shang Ruiqiang;Gao Aili;
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world,and there is no specific treatment drug for esophageal cancer yet.Doramectin (DRM) is a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drug,and it plays an important role in the treatment of animal diseases,while DRM has not been reported for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects and potential molecular mechanisms of DRM in ESCC.In the present study,the impact of DRM on the viability of ESCC was examined by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT).Autophagy was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),Western blot and immunohistochemistry.The apoptosis rate was measured by Western blot,flow cytometry and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL).Meanwhile,autophagy inhibition was achieved by using chloroquine (CQ).After autophagy inhibition,cell proliferation and cloning ability were significantly inhibited,and the expression level of apoptotic protein was significantly changed compared with that of DRM alone.Additionally,Eca109-derived xenografts were established for testing the DRM-induced autophagy in vivo.It was found that DRM significantly inhibited the proliferation of Eca109 and EC9706 cells in vitro and in vivo in a dose-dependent manner by activating autophagy.DRM was able to significantly repress colony formation in Eca109 and EC9706 cells in vitro.At the same time,DRM could induce apoptosis of ESCC in vitro,it was also regulated through mitochondrial pathways.Meanwhile,DRM induced autophagy and inhibited the proliferation of ESCC,and exhibited little toxicity in organs in vivo.Moreover,DRM-induced autophagy could inhibit the apoptosis of EC in vitro and in vivo.Further experiment suggested that DRM might induce autophagy by the Akt/mTOR pathway.In conclusion,the present study was the first to clarify that DRM could inhibit Eca109 and EC9706 cells proliferation through activating autophagy by the Akt/mTOR pathway.DRM might be a potentially effective treatment for EC.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 54-71页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 2078K] [下载次数：7 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：1 ] - Ning Hailong;Liu Sibing;Hu Bo;Zhao Qichao;Ning Shicheng;Li Wenxia;
Soybean seed oil has always been the primary focus of researches on improving the quality of soybean.Triacylglycerol,which is composed of fatty acids and glycerol,serves as the main storage form of soybean seed oil.Therefore,the biosynthesis of fatty acids and the assembly of triacylglycerol significantly affect the quality of soybean seed oil.The process of soybean seed oil synthesis was comprehensively analyzed by examining the synthesis and activation of acetyl–CoA,fatty acid biosynthesis and desaturation,triacylglycerol assembly,and other related processes,additionally,this analysis identified the key enzymes and transcription factors involved in each link of the oil synthesis process.It was found that the researches on the key enzymes of carbon source regulation,pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and acetyl–CoA carboxylase,in the genetic network of soybean seed oil synthesis,were somewhat limited.Analyzing their structures and functions would aid in further understanding the molecular mechanism of soybean fatty acid synthesis,which would be beneficial for enhancing soybean oil content and synthesis efficiency.Based on summarizing the results of genetic analysis of soybean oil and fatty acids,the prospects for mechanism analysis and advancements in biological breeding techniques for improving soybean oil quality at the molecular level were discussed.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 72-85页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 612K] [下载次数：1 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：1 ] - Guo Hongwei;Li Yuanxin;Gui Qi;Liu Taiyang;Wen Xiuhua;Li Yufang;Liu Junhe;He Nana;
Rutin,also known as vitamin P,belongs to the flavonoid class of compounds and is widely present in plants.Its ability to bind with albumin in the blood helps maintain capillary permeability,leading to its extensive use for cardiovascular protection.This review aimed to provide insights into the development of rutin raw material industry in China and its future applications in various fields,such as medicine,healthcare,food,and animal husbandry.The study began by comparing rutin quality standards across China,the United States and Europe,outlined the industrial extraction processes of rutin,and examined the biological activity and potential medical applications of rutin.
2025年03期 v.32;No.100 86-96页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 494K] [下载次数：4 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：3 ] 下载本期数据